Problem 1.
An integer n>1 is called $\emph{good}$ if there exists a permutation a1,a2,a3,...,an of the numbers 1,2,3,...,n , such that:
(i) ai and ai+1 have different parities for every 1 ≤ i ≤n-1 ;
(ii)  the sum a1+a2+a3+...+ak  is a quadratic residue modulo n  for every 1 ≤ k ≤n  .
Prove that there exist infinitely many good numbers, as well as infinitely many positive integers which are not good.
 
 
 

 

 

 

 
42nd Balkan Mathematical Olympiad (BMO 2025)
42. Балканска Математичка Олимпијада (БMO 2025)